Exegesis of „Abasa (Q. 80)

In the Name of Allah the Most Merciful the Most Gracious...
He was asked about the exegesis of the statement: {He frowned and turned when there came to him a blind man...}
This is Allah‟s method of instructing His Messenger that he shouldn‟t frown
And turn away from a blind man who seeks from him guidance to be found.
The meaning of {blind} here is: blind in heart. It‟s not as they say: "blind in sight."
They say this refers to Ibn Umm Maktūm who sought that the Prophet guide him aright.
They say that [the Prophet] turned away from him; but this is not the case.
{He frowned} means that he grimaced and completely turned from his place.
{...when there came to him a blind man...} The interpretation is: he came close.
{What will cause thou to know? Maybe he will be purified} The Unseen, Allah knows.
The Messenger didn‟t have knowledge of this. {...purified} means: purify himself.
{...or reminded, for the reminders will benefit him}: to benefit from gnosis felt.
{As for the one who sees himself independent, thou see to him}
The Prophet was instructed that one who considers himself rich shouldn‟t be respected
Even if that person be a disbeliever; and the one considered lowly shouldn‟t be neglected
Though that one be guided. It may be that the Prophet sought to rectify the nation by means
Of the rich; supporting the religion of the poor and depending upon his soundness in Dīn.
{...thou see to him} means: you receive him. {It is not upon thee whether he purifies}
This is in respects to consideration not to the Messenger but for acknowledgement to realise.
{Regarding the one who came to thee striving...}: that is, came unexpected.
{...while being fearful...}: while being lowly. {...from him thou was distracted}:
From him you were diverted. {Certainly not! It is a reminder}: Yes, it is a reminder.
{Certainly not} here means: yes. It does not mean "no" as in other cases one finds there.
{Whosoever wills shall remember it...}
Whosoever wills to know it shall understand it based on the limits of his capability,
Specify by the specificities, and explain with a great explanation with sufficiency.
{...in pages...}: in clear texts. {...noble...}: honoured. {...lofty...}: preserved.
{...purified...}: cleaned from reprehensible filth and specified by virtue observed.
{...by the hands of scribes...}: of angels, peace be on them. {...noble...}: ennobled.
{...and devoted}: true in word. {Destroyed be man! How ungrateful...} denotes:
Cursed is man! How evil he is! {...man...}: humankind, disbelieving folk.
As Allah says: {O man, what has seduced thee from thy Noble Lord?!} (Q. 82:6).
{From what was he created?}: by a small speck; nothing which issues forth nothing.
{From a speck, he was created...}. He is reminded that he was granted life as something.
{He was measured}: He was given proportion. {Then the path was made easy for him}
That is, the clear way so he can recognize. {Then he is made dead}: Death is decreed on him.
{...and he is given a grave}: His tomb is in the dust. {When He wills, He enlivens}
This means that when He wills, He resurrects him to the life that he was imbibed with.
{Certainly not! He is judged by what he was commanded}
{Certainly not!} is: Yes. "Judged by what he was commanded" represents:
Accounted for what he was commanded from amongst the acts of obedience,
As well as from what he neglected. He is recompensed by the good he did.
It has also been suggested that the verse could be rendered: "He didn‟t do it."
Meaning: He did not do what he was commanded to do, rather he fell short.
It returns to recognition; reminding: {Man should look to his food} Of course,
This means: to what he eats. {We poured down water in large amounts;
Then, We cleaved open the earth by splitting}: We sent water from the clouds.
We split open the earth by means of it, and it is saturated by drinking founts.
{We caused grain to grow within...} this refers to a variety of grains found.
{...grape...}: types of grapes. {...herbs...}: edible herbage. {...olives...}: this refers
To the olives specific to Greater Syria which are blessed, as stated by Allah‟s Messenger.
{...date palms...}: that which produces dates. {...gardens...}: that surrounded by fruits.
{...dense with shrubbery...}: that which is strongly extracted from soil and strengthened too.
{...fruits and grass...}. The {grass} are: bushes that grow in hills and stalk.
Do you not see that Allah says: {...as a benefit for thee and thy livestock}?
The fruits are for you and a source for your livestock, which are also for you.
{Then, when the piercing call comes...}: sharp sound for souls with doom in view.
{... on a day when a person will flee...}: humankind. {...from his brother, mother...}
That is, from his nurturer. {...father...}: his biological father. {...mate...}: spouse; lover.
{...and children...}: offspring. {...everyone will be concerned with himself on that Day}:
All will be accounted for what has passed of time. Do you not see how it‟s explained in this way?
{Faces, on that Day...}:on the Day of Judgment. {...shall be bright...}: radiant view.
This refers to the faces of the believers. {...laughing and celebrating the good news} It is evident that on the faces of the bright will be laughter though they may not laugh a peep,
And it‟s evident that on the faces of the disbelievers will be crying though they may not weep.
How much will be their regret! How much will be their laughter rejoicing at the good news
That they were given regarding the blessings of Allah which have reached completion through.
{...celebrating the good news} refers to: rejoicing at the good that one was privy to view.
{Faces...}: the faces of the disbelievers. {...on that Day...}: we mentioned its interpretation.
{...will have dust upon them...}: darkness; this applies to those of disbelief and insubordination. {...covered in darkness...}: enveloped in darkness. "Darkness" refers to: dust, destruction, gloom,
As well as something despised. This is a harm which darkens the face as an eclipse of the moon.
{They are the kafirs, the wicked}
{...kafirs...}: those ungrateful of Allah‟s blessings and those who reject His Lordship.
This is because kufr is of two types: ungratefulness and rejection. Both will suffer punishment.
The {wicked} are those in the religion who violate the laws of the Lord of Existence
And those who make the Creator‟s prohibitions permissible. They are those deemed wicked.
They commit the major sins of immorality and evil from amongst both men and women.
They refrain from that which Allah commands, and act upon what the Qur‟an makes prohibited.

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